Unnamed children can be found running around such towns as Shady Sands, the Hub, Wright Estate, and the Boneyard. They can be talked to and asked about their parents, who are "around here somewhere." They will ask people carrying a weapon if they intend to kill someone. Killing any one of these grants the title of Childkiller.
Children have sprites for throwing, which means they are also capable of throwing grenades.
In the Fallout 1 versions of the game released outside of the U.S. (including the GOG release), the children were removed to avoid controversy about child killing.