Canada

Canada was an independent country north of the United States of America. It gained independence from Great Britain in 1867. As a country it was much larger than the United States at a total size of 9,093,507 sq km, while its population was relatively average. It is important to note that northwestern Canada touches Alaska, while southwestern Canada touches the northwestern United States.

While the exact history of Canada in the Fallout timeline is disputed, it is a well-established fact that Canada had been annexed as a state by the United States, involving both the oil crisis and the War with China. Alaska and Canada served as a front line during the war, because the oil interests vested in the north by the United States.

News images from Canada are shown in the intro of Fallout 1, where two power armor-clad soldiers execute a Canadian wearing a combat armor, while a happy message of reassuredness flashes across the screen. .

Canada's Timeline
Canada makes its first appearance in the history of the Fallout universe in 2059, though only in the Fallout Bible timeline (all following notes are from the Fallout Bible timeline unless mentioned otherwise):

2059
 * The Anchorage Front Line is established, as the United States increases its military presence in Alaska to protect its oil interests. The Anchorage Front Line causes tensions in the United States and Canada, as the United States attempts to pressure Canada into allowing American military units to guard the Alaskan pipeline.

2066
 * Winter: As a sign of increasing tension between the two countries, Canada proves reluctant to allow American troops on Canadian soil or allow American planes to fly over Canadian airspace. The United States and Canadian tensions rise, but Canada eventually backs down, and US troops pass through Canada. This sets the stage for the Canadian annexation (which occurs in 2075, according to the Sierra Depot timeline, or 2076, according to the Fallout Bible timeline).

2069
 * Canada begins to feel the pressure from the United States military as the US draws upon Canadian resources for the war effort. Vast stretches of timberland are destroyed, and other resources in Canada are stretched to the breaking point. Many Americans refer to Canada as Little America, and Canadian protests are unheard.

2072
 * The United States' increasing demand for Canadian resources causes protests and riots in several Canadian cities. An attempted sabotage of the Alaskan pipeline is all the military needs as an excuse to begin its annexation of Canada... which in fact, had already begun in 2067.

2076
 * January: The United States annexation of Canada is complete. Canadian protesters and rioters are shot on sight, and the Alaskan Pipeline swarms with American military units. Pictures of atrocities make their way to the United States, causing further unrest and protests.

2077
 * January 22: The first domestic use of Power Armor within the United States for crowd and quarantine control. Units originally serving in China and the Anchorage Front Line find themselves fighting Americans at home. Food riots increase, and many civilians are killed. Several soldiers defect from the military both in Canada and the United States. They are captured, and are sent to military prisons.

Alternate (non-canon) timeline
The following information comes from the Sierra Depot GNN Transcript holodisk, which Chris Avellone discards as non-canon, as it conflicts with the timeline compiled during the development of Fallout. According to Avellone's Fallout Bible, it was modified by the Sierra Army Depot soldiers.

2075
 * February 14: Canada has agreed to be annexed by the U.S. In return, sources say Canada will receive a full 10% of the world's remaining supply of oil, controlled exclusively by the US.
 * February 15: The House of Representatives and Congress both voted unanimously to impeach the President for jaywalking. Both houses stated that the President is not above the law and should have known better than to jaywalk. Both sides deny this had anything to do with the recent annexation of Canada.

Canadians

 * Marge LeBarge, owner of the Kokoweef Mine, born way up north, on the edge of a Lake LeBarge, Yukon (referrence to "The Cremation of Sam McGee", one of the most famous of Robert W. Service's poems),
 * Dave Handy, IT technician who joined Hubologists,

Two organizations present in special encounter - CPF (Canadian People's Front) and PFC (People's Front of Canada), which are plays on the "Judean People's Front" and the "Peoples Front of Judea," which are prevalent organisations in Monty Python's Life of Bryan film.