A House Divided

A House Divided is an Institute side quest in Fallout 4. This quest occurs after Father declares you his successor, when multiple members of The Institute, specifically Dr. Higgs and Dr. Loken, decide to protest the Sole Survivor's promotion by locking themselves in the Institute BioScience Laboratory.

Detailed walkthrough
Speak with Newton Oberly in The Institute. He'll tell you that Max Loken and Lawrence Higgs locked themselves in the BioScience lab and cut off the Institute's food supply in protest of Father's decision to make you his successor and refuse to come out. After suggesting to reason with them, he opens a side door that leads to the BioScience observation room and gives you the BioScience systems access holotape. Head through the hallway and eliminate the defending synth guards found in the first room. In the next hallway, there are two laser turrets. You can either proceed to the room designated by the quest marker to speak to Lawrence, or you can make your way through the FEV Lab and bypass dialogue in the observation room.

Once in the designated room with the terminals and observation window, you can either talk Lawrence down with two persuasion attempts (the first attempt is more difficult), or the situation escalates and you'll have to fight. To gain access to the lab, which you can do without initiating dialogue at all and that becomes a necessity if the dialogue fails, you'll need to insert the systems access holotape into any one of the terminals in the room. From the overridden terminal, you have the options to "shutdown turrets", "release specimens", and "open lab door". If you went through the FEV Lab, you'll be at this step already. Note that at this point, Lawrence is hostile to you and will attack as soon as you enter the lab should you decide to. The "release specimens" option releases the gorillas in the lab, which will attack and kill all inside, proceeding the quest without the Sole Survivor needing to do so themselves. Take the key from Max's corpse to open the door to Hydroponics. If you just use the "shutdown turrets" and "open lab door" options, only the synths inside the lab will be hostile. After they are defeated, you can then talk to Lawrence again and during conversion, Max will talk Lawrence into surrendering. This is one peaceful way to resolve this quest without passing the speech checks.

After you've either talked Lawrence down or killed everyone in the lab, take Lawrence's security override password and open the shortcut door back to Newton. Alternatively, if Max persuaded Lawrence to surrender, they will walk to the door and open it. Max will place himself and Lawrence under house-arrest. After either of these events happen, walk outside to the main Institute area to talk to Newton. He'll express regret if any violence took place, and comment that funeral arrangements should be made. If Lawrence was talked down, you'll be asked to decide his and his colleague's fate. The disciplinary actions available are to take no action to punish them, put them on probation, exile them from the institute, or have them executed. If you choose to spare them, Newton will reward you with chems and take back the BioScience security override holotape. If you order their execution, you are not rewarded with chems, but get to keep the security holotape.

Behind the scenes
The name of the quest is a reference to Abraham Lincoln's famous quote: "A house divided against itself cannot stand."

Bugs

 * If you enter the BioScience Lab via the FEV Labs, speaking twice to Higgs seems to always result in being stuck in dialogue mode: the HUD does not return and normal controls are blocked (e.g., no Pip-Boy, can't jump or shoot, etc.). This only occurs if you attempt conversation with Higgs after Max Loken intercedes to say he'll unlock the lab.
 * After finishing this quest, Dean Volkert will no longer offer his medical services and ignore you when interacting with him. To fix this, he must be forced into combat with you or any enemy, which will refresh his AI. If you're on PC, just spawn in an enemy. If you're on console, hit him until he turns hostile. Then use his terminal to make everyone friendly again. This bug also causes him to be stuck on his terminal, and interacting with the terminal won't force him off it.

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