Carry Weight

Carry Weight is a derived statistic in the SPECIAL system.

Fallout, Fallout 2 and Fallout Tactics
Your character will become slower as more weight is put on. When your character reaches the maximum weight, he or she becomes completely weighed down and cannot move until the weight is back under control.
 * $$\text{Initial level}=25+(\text{Strength}\times25)$$

Example: A starting Strength of 5.
 * $$25+(5\times25)=150~\text{lbs}$$

Fallout 3 and Fallout: New Vegas
Movement speed is unaffected by your character's Carry Weight until the weight of items carried exceeds your total carry weight, at which point your character will become overencumbered and unable to run, jump, or fast travel, with the exception of the Long Haul perk in New Vegas.
 * $$\text{Initial level}=150+(\text{Strength}\times10)$$

Example: A starting Strength of 5.
 * $$150+(5\times10)=200~\text{lbs}$$

Fallout 4
Largely similar to Fallout 3, movement speed is unaffected by carry weight unless overencumbered, and are unable to run or fast travel. However, unlike past games, it is possible to jump.
 * $$\text{Carrying capacity}=200+(\text{Strength}*10)$$

Game settings for carrying capacity:
 * fAVDCarryWeightBase = 200
 * fAVDCarryWeightMult = 10

Bugs

 * As of patch 1.6 companions may occasionally arbitrarily gain a much higher carry weight than they would be capable of under any other circumstances. Triggering this can be as simple as repeatedly engaging a trade with the companion, taking items from them, ending the trade, re-initiating a trade and giving items to them until one has determined the bug has occurred or not. Their ability to accept even more items in subsequent trades appears to also be random. This applies to humanoid companions and Dogmeat.
 * Companions will pick up items when commanded to even when overencumbered, making their carry weight essentially unlimited so long as the items are first dropped and the companion is told to pick them up.

Fallout 76
Largely similar to Fallout 4, movement speed is unaffected by carry weight unless overencumbered, are unable to run or fast travel, and can still jump. Fallout 76 differs in that moving while overencumbered drains action points like sprinting. After all points are used, the character's movement will then be greatly reduced. The starting carry weight also differs because Strength starts at 1 for each player character.
 * $$\text{Carrying capacity}=155+(\text{Strength}*5)$$