The Molecular Level

The Molecular Level is a main story quest and achievement/trophy in Fallout 4.

Quick walkthrough
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 * data2=Talk to Sturges.
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Detailed walkthrough
Before the Sole Survivor can utilize the freshly acquired Courser chip, it needs to be analyzed by someone familiar with the Institute's technology. The best person for the job happens to be Tinker Tom of the Railroad. If the Railroad have yet to be encountered, follow the Road to Freedom to find the hidden Railroad HQ.

Once at Railroad HQ, speak to Desdemona and agree to her terms. Give the Courser chip to Tinker Tom, who will crack the encryption and provide the code for the chip. If Tinker Tom is dead, there is a file on his terminal that will crack the encryption.

Return to Virgil. He will offer the plans for the teleporter in exchange for a favor: if the teleporter works, the Survivor must retrieve a serum from Virgil's old laboratory inside the Institute to cure his FEV affliction. Accept his terms and receive the plans. However, the teleporter is no simple machine. Expert help and a lot of resources will be needed to construct it.

At this point, the Sole Survivor needs to make a choice to enlist the help of one of the three factions (the Minutemen, the Brotherhood of Steel, or the Railroad). Speak to either Proctor Ingram (BoS), Sturges (Minutemen) or Tinker Tom (Railroad) and arrange for the construction of the teleporter. The chosen expert will travel to the building site and explain the requirements and necessary materials for each of the four components: the reflector platform, beam emitter, control console and relay dish.

If the player character chose to ally with the Brotherhood, the teleporter can be built at Boston Airport or any owned settlement, excluding Home Plate, Vault 88, The Mechanist's lair or Nuka-World Red Rocket. Even though the Railroad suggests building it at Mercer Safehouse, it is not required to do so.

Constructing the signal interceptor
The player character can build the signal interceptor in any settlement. Build the stabilized reflector platform first in the target settlement, then return to Ingram, Sturges or Tom and speak to them again. They will give the Sole Survivor the second list of schematics to complete the signal interceptor and travel to (or spawn at) the settlement used as the build site.

Settlements well suited for the build site appear to be Boston Airport and Sanctuary Hills due to large flat areas and abundant spare building capacity.

If building with the Brotherhood's help, Elder Maxson's permission is required before activating the signal interceptor. He will run from Boston Airport to the chosen settlement. Maxson might camp at allied settlements for the night along the way. (One might be able to catch him en route to speed up the permission check; he will be tagged on the Pip-Boy for his entire journey.) The easiest option is to wait/sleep for about 8 hours for him to appear at the settlement or simply build at Boston Airport if using the Brotherhood for help.

Requirements for the teleporter:
 * Enough flat surface area without any obstructions (the emitter needs to be built upon the platform, the combined structure - including a fusion generator to power it - can be squeezed in a 2x2x3 space).
 * Enough "size" allotment remaining at the settlement (the teleporter is quite large).
 * It requires 27 power.
 * The components have to be linked together with power cables on the same network.

When everything is built, linked together and supplied with enough power, the teleporter is ready for use. Talk to the expert and get ready for the voyage. The expert (of the assisting ally faction) will instruct the Sole Survivor to step on the platform and the teleportation process will commence.