Fallout 4 cultural references

Monty Python and the Holy Grail
Sometimes when Codsworth is hit he says "Tis but a scratch" which is a famous line said by the black knight in Monty python and the Holy Grail.

Marvel
Inside the Gwinnett Brewery one can find a terminal behind the bar next to an elevator. If managing to hack the terminal and look to see who has a tab the Sole Survivor can find the names Samuels, J, and Mcmurdoc, which are references to Samuel Jackson an actor in many Marvel movies as Nick Fury, and Matt Murdock being the alter-ego of Daredevil.

Cheers
The Bar from the 1980's American Sitcom 'Cheers' is by the Boston Commons. Inside is riddled with references to the series, which was set in Boston.

Commodore 64
The boot-up screen of the Pip-Boy 3000 Mark IV has 64kb of RAM and 38911 bytes free.

Dr. Strangelove
In the intro, there is a short scene of a meeting room with a large circular table with a diorama of a mushroom cloud in the center, and a man with his hand gripped tensely on the nuclear hotline. The set design, lighting and general scenario are a subtle nod to Stanley Kubrick's 1964 comedy Dr Strangelove.

20 000 Leagues Under the Sea
The quest 20 Leagues Under the Sea is a reference to 20 000 Leagues Under the Sea.

Donkey Kong
The game Red Menace is a reference to the 1981 Nintendo game Donkey Kong.

Missile Command
The game Atomic Command is a reference to the 1980 Atari game Missile Command.

Mad Max
Two of the names that are supported by Codsworth are "Rockatansky" and "Toecutter", respectively being the surname of the main character and the name of the main villain in the 1979 movie Mad Max.

Mad Max 2: The Road Warrior
One of the names that are supported by Codsworth is Toadie, a name of a minor character in Mad Max 2.

Mad Max: Fury Road
Also among the names Codsworth supports are "Splendid", "Capable", "Toast", "Dag", "Imperator", "Furiosa", "Rictus", "Erectus" and "Slit", which are references to the major characters the Splendid Agharad, Capable, Toast the Knowing, the Dag and Imperator Furiosa, major villain Rictus Erectus and minor villain Slit from  the film Mad Max: Fury Road.

Back to the Future
Codsworth supports both the names Marty and Mcfly. This is a reference to Michael J. Fox's character in the film franchise.

Blues Brothers
One of the prisonerfiles in the BADTFL-building describes some Jake Redds, with the same personal effects as Jake Blues in the movie.

Star Trek Voyager
Knight Captain Cade will sometimes say 'Please state the nature of your medical emergency', a reference to Star Trek Voyager's EMH (Emergency Medical Hologram) or "The Doctor", who says this line when activated in the show.

Sons of Anarchy
Head to the BADTFL Regional Office, which is slightly North West of Bunker Hill. Make the way down to the basement, and there is a Terminal (novice). Hack into the terminal or use Nick Valentine, and look for "Prisoner 4CA8712". One will notice that all the features of the prisoner are strikingly similar to the Sons of Anarchy TV series character Opie Winston.

Town of Salem
A character named Hawthorne resides inside the Dugout Inn. He warns against encounters with the Institute synths, a friendly Vault, and how he has "a bad feeling" about exploring the pre-war ruins of Salem (found in the north eastern most portion of the map). This is a reference to John Hathorne from the Salem Witch Trials.

Alien (1979 Film)
When retrieving the flux sensor from Bedford Station, the numbers on the back of the item say CM-88B 180924609, which is a reference to the ship in Alien, the USCSS Nostromo (reg. 180924609), A Lockmart CM 88B Bison M-Class starfreighter used as a commercial hauler between Thedus and Earth in the film.

Jaws
A boat in the river near Diamond City has a man with the same blue jacket and the blue bandanna as in the film, along with a Machete, and a mutant dolphin (dead). There is also the same cage from the film under the boat.

Blade Runner

 * This one is very carefully hidden in the plain sight. In the middle of the Diamond City there is a robot Takahashi, who sells noodles, and the only line he speaks is "Nani ni shimasho ka?", which means "What should we order?". This is the very same phrase (including imperfect grammar) as said by the noodle seller in the "Noodle Bar" scene of the Blade Runner movie.
 * On the southwest corner of the Mass Fusion containment shed rooftop is the body of a man in Road leathers lying prone in front of a kneeling, deactivated Synth. The setup alludes to the 'Tears in rain' scene at the end of the film.

The Cask of Amontillado
When the Sole Survivor finds General McGann's body in The Castle Tunnels, he is lying next to wine crate containing some bottles of "Amontillado" wine. Opposite him is a skeleton behind a half-built brick wall. These are references to Edgar Allan Poe's famous story The Cask of Amontillado.

Call of Duty
At Waldon Pond, at an abandoned house, with a bear cutout with a sign that says 'Don't feed the bears'. There is a toy monkey on a shelf with a similar model from Call of Duty Black Ops. When approached, its eyes start to glow green, then red, and it starts to crash its cymbals together, and explodes after a few seconds, instantly killing the player character.

Fallout 3
In the very beginning of the game, the news reporter on the TV will begin a segment on local baseball news, and start his talk by saying "And now for something unquestionable, inescapably... American", which is a direct reference to John Henry Eden's line on his radio station in Fallout 3.

The Elder Scrolls: Arena
A telephone pole just east of Sanctuary outside the Robotics Disposal Ground reads TES 01 PPL 364946. In March of 1994, TES1 was released.

H.P. Lovecraft
Northeast of Goodneighbor, there is a place called "The Pickman Gallery". It is the main site of a quest called "Pickman's Gift" and it is a reference to one of H.P. Lovecraft's short stories "The Pickman's Model". There are several little references to the story throughout both the quest and inside the building.

Star Wars
The title of the fourth Covert Operations Manual is called "Not the Soldiers You're Looking For" which refers to the Jedi mind trick.

Stephen King
Two of the names supported by Codsworth are "Roland" and "Deschain". Roland Deschain is the protagonist of Stephen King's Dark Tower series.

Team Fortress 2
At the top of KL-E-0's terminal it reads "Have a Plan to Kill Everyone you Meet", which is one of the 'standards' upheld by the Sniper in his character video.

Ted
Inside the toilets of Back Street Apparel you will find a teddy bear wearing glasses holding up a newspaper whilst sitting on a toilet. This is a reference to the movie Ted, in which the title character, a living teddy bear, is seen doing the same thing in one scene.

Yu-Gi-Oh!
Rex Goodman and Strong are possible references to Rex Goodwin and Gong Strong, characters from the Yu-Gi-Oh! spin offs, Yu-Gi-Oh 5D's and Yu-Gi-Oh! ARC V.